Statistical Notation & Symbol Editing for
Dissertation & Thesis Students

     Writing a thesis or dissertation is not an easy task. The process is often stress inducing because the doctoral student must prepare a paper according to the format and style specified in their discipline (e.g. the American Psychological Association). On top of that, your college or university frequently modifies or supplements the format outlined by your discipline. Students normally will have difficulty meeting these specific formatting criteria and oftentimes will have extra difficulty formatting the statistical notation and symbols in their paper. While dissertation writing is one thing, correctly formatting statistical notation and symbols is another. Appropriate use of statistical notation and symbols in your work is expected and required by your dissertation committee.

     As a general rule, most of the statistical notation and symbols for your descriptive statistics and other statistical tests will be found in the results and data analysis sections of your paper. There are several rules regarding capitalization, bolding, and italics. These rules can be confusing and are best left to a dissertation consultant. A consultant knows the simple things about statistical notation and symbols, like how to refer to statistical tests in text. Hire a dissertation consultant today and ease some of your formatting worries. Request Dissertation & Thesis Editing Help

Using Statistical Notation and Symbols in Your Dissertation

     If you are familiar with statistics, you probably are familiar with some of the statistical notation and symbols. Or, if you have read empirical journal articles, you have seen statistical notation and symbols. Many statistical notations, such as ANOVA for the Analysis of Variance, are probably similar to what you used or saw in your basic statistics course. Other statistical notations, like M for the mean, are probably less familiar to you. Here are some statistical notation and symbols tips. The below list contains APA-approved statistical notation and symbols. Consult a dissertation consultant for assistance with the statistical notation and symbols excluded from this list.

• N = statistical notation for dissertation total sample size
• n = statistical notation for dissertation subsample size
• M = statistical notation and symbol for dissertation mean
• Mdn = statistical notation and symbol for dissertation median
• SD = statistical notation and symbol for dissertation standard deviation
• p = statistical notation and symbol for p value
• SEM = statistical notation and symbol for dissertation standard error of the mean
• d = statistical notation and symbol for effect size (Cohen)
• LR = statistical notation and symbol for the Likelihood ratio

     Rest assured that if you undertake the formatting of the statistical symbols and notations in your dissertation on your own, you will be annoyed, stressed and confused. Don't do that to yourself. Get help from a consultant who is knowledgeable about statistical notation and symbols and your discipline's format and style requirements.